ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026
Quality-by-design-steered development of nanoemulsion-enabled dissolving microneedle patch for enhanced berberine delivery in chronic wound healing.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) has strong antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effects; its efficacy is limited by poor bioavailability and low skin permeability. In this study, a nano-dressing was developed by incorporating BBR-loaded nanoemulsion (BBR-NE) into a dissolvable microneedle patch to enhance drug delivery to the wound site. The BBR-NE was formulated via the aqueous titration method and optimized using the Box-Behnken design. The optimized formulation exhibited a globule size of 97.89 ± 0.4 nm, PDI 0.277 ± 0.035, and zeta potential of -30.99 ± 0.84 mV. In vitro drug release showed a biphasic pattern, with more than 75% drug released within 24 h, while ex vivo skin permeation demonstrated nearly twofold higher skin penetration compared to suspension, which was further confirmed by CLSM analysis. Additionally, the formulation also showed enhanced antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The optimized formulation was further incorporated into a dissolvable microneedle patch (Opt-BBR-NE-MN) via a micro-molding technique. The in-vivo evaluation demonstrated that Opt-BBR-NE-MN was non-irritant and significantly accelerated healing in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats compared to the control groups. This nanodressing strategy overcomes delivery barriers and improves therapeutic outcomes in chronic wound care, underscoring its clinical potential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42467204What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.