ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026
Pseudorabies virus tegument protein pUL49 antagonizes cyclic GMP-AMP synthase through phase separation to promote viral replication.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an economically important swine alphaherpesvirus with zoonotic potential. The mechanisms underlying PRV innate immune evasion remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the PRV tegument protein pUL49 as a critical viral factor that undergoes phase separation to antagonize cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-mediated antiviral signaling. pUL49 exhibits the strongest predicted phase-separation propensity and forms dynamic, 1,6-hexanediol (1,6-HEX)-sensitive condensates in cells. It colocalizes and interacts with cGAS, and its overexpression attenuates poly(dA:dT)-induced IFN-β signaling. Moreover, cGAS deficiency facilitates PRV replication, while pUL49 knockdown suppresses viral replication. These findings further elucidate our mechanistic understanding of PRV pUL49-mediated immune evasion and provide a potential target for developing antiviral strategies against PRV.
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