Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42466084›Full record

ArticleAdvanced functional materials2026

Self-Assembled Nanoclay Gel with Spheroid MSC-Derived Exosome Mimetics to Integrate Demineralized Bone Matrix and Noggin-Targeting miRNA for Synergistic Osteogenesis.

Changlu Xu, Zhi Li, Minjee Kang, Ruoyu Sheng, Bing Han, Yiqing Chen, Tara Aghaloo, Min Lee

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced functional materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Changlu XuDivision of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Zhi LiDivision of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Minjee KangDivision of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Ruoyu ShengDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Bing HanDivision of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Yiqing ChenDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Tara AghalooDivision of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Min LeeDivision of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Funding

Tribbles homolog 3 and BMP-2 induced bone formationR01DE027332 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Tara L Aghaloo, Min Lee · 2018 to 2026
$2.7M
Hydrogel delivery of DBM and exosome mimetics for bone repairR01DE031711 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Min Lee · 2022 to 2026
$1.8M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE027332NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE031711
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is widely used as an alternative to autografts for repairing bone defects, but its clinical efficacy is limited by poor retention at the defect site and inadequate osteogenic capacity. Here, we developed a multifunctional carrier system aimed at improving the capacity of DBM by utilizing nanoclay-based self-assembly along with cell-derived exosome mimetics (EMs). EMs were derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) osteogenically induced in spheroids and were functionalized with bisphosphonates (BP) to assemble a stable gel network with laponite nanoclays via BP-nanoclay edge interactions. The resulting self-assembled nanoclay gel exhibited excellent injectability, moldability, and self-healing properties, even when loaded with a high concentration of DBM, and supported MSC osteogenic differentiation. We further enhanced the potency of DBM-mediated osteogenesis and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in the nanoclay gel by incorporating BP-functionalized EMs (EM-BPs) loaded with miR-200c that can target BMP antagonist noggin. Lastly, we validated the bone regeneration efficacy of DBM-loaded nanoclay gels in comparison to commercially available DBM putties using a mouse calvarial defect model. This approach presents a versatile nanoclay gel carrier platform that overcomes the limitations of current DBM formulations and provides a promising strategy for improved bone repair.

Indexed as

bone regenerationdemineralized bone matrixexosome mimeticnoggin-targeting miRNAself-healing gel

Identifiers

PMID42466084
PMCPMC13375110

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.