Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42465969›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2026

A decade of change: performance trajectories in Paralympic discus throw across classes and genders (2012-2022).

Luiz Gustavo T F Santos, Alex José Sabino, João Paulo Casteleti de Souza, João Paulo Cunha, Ciro Winckler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Luiz Gustavo T F SantosSports Development Department, Brazilian Paralympic Committee, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alex José SabinoHigh-Performance Department, Brazilian Paralympic Committee, São Paulo, Brazil.
João Paulo Casteleti de SouzaSports Development Department, Brazilian Paralympic Committee, São Paulo, Brazil.
João Paulo CunhaInstituto Elisangela Maria Adriano - IEMA, São Caetano, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ciro WincklerParasport Study Center, São Paulo Federal University, Santos, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: A longitudinal analysis of performance trajectories in Paralympic discus throw events from 2012 to 2022, focusing on gender and classification-specific trends. Methods: Using annual rankings from the International Paralympic Committee, we examined the top 1-3 and top 4-8 athletes in each class to assess technical evolution, participation dynamics, and the impact of external disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Heterogeneous performance patterns were revealed, with some classes showing sustained improvement while others experienced regression. Notably, the F11 class has shown consistent growth in performance results, suggesting strategic potential for national investment for countries seeking to invest in World Championship events. Discussion: The findings underscore the importance of classification-based monitoring and evidence-informed planning for athlete development, talent identification, and competition optimization. These insights contribute to the refinement of training strategies and support decision-making by coaches and Paralympic committees.

Indexed as

classification systemlongitudinal analysisPara athleticsParalympicperformance trends

Identifiers

PMID42465969
PMCPMC13373760

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.