ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2026
Macro-environmental factors influencing the preparation of the Ukrainian Olympic team: a comparative PEST analysis of the Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 cycles.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- When performance is not enough: elite sport systems during prolonged crises.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
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Abstract
The study examined how macro-environmental factors influenced the preparation of the Ukrainian national Olympic team across two distinct crisis contexts-the Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 Olympic cycles. A PEST-based expert survey was applied to assess political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological factors. Two validated questionnaires were used. Twenty-four high-performance athletes who participated in the Olympic Games were involved as experts. The structure of macro-environmental influence differs between the two cycles. In the Tokyo cycle, economic factors had the greatest weight (43%), while political and socio-cultural factors played a more limited role. In contrast, the Paris cycle was characterized by a substantial increase in the importance of political (28%) and socio-cultural (25%) factors, largely related to wartime conditions. Technological factors remained constrained in both cycles. Expert agreement was moderate but statistically significant (Tokyo:
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