ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2026
Longitudinal plasma proteomics separates diagnostic differences from progression-linked changes in Alzheimer's disease.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Most plasma proteomic studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) compare cases and controls cross-sectionally, leaving unresolved which AD-associated proteins mark diagnostic states and which are linked to disease progression. Using longitudinal SomaScan profiling from the Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium (13,449 participants, 17,269 samples, 7,362 aptamers), we separated baseline AD differences from AD-specific change over time. Linear mixed-effects models requiring concordant baseline and AD-by-time effects defined a 30-protein signature. We prioritized proteins across five evidence domains: clinical progression, AD biomarker alignment, cerebrospinal fluid concordance, independent prospective replication in UK Biobank and genetic support from Mendelian randomization and rare-variant burden. Thirteen proteins were supported in two or more domains and six in three. EDA2R, HPGDS, ITGAV and CLEC3B converged across clinical, biomarker and prospective evidence. Signature proteins aligned more strongly with tau and neuronal-injury markers than with A
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