ArticleAnnals of neurosciences2026
Effect of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption on Handgrip Strength and Surface Electromyographic Parameters in Obese Adult Males.
Article in Annals of neurosciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Obesity has a detrimental effect on skeletal muscle mass and performance. Despite the widespread use of smokeless tobacco, particularly in India, limited information is available regarding its effect on neuromuscular performance and electromyographic characteristics in obese individuals. Purpose: To estimate the effect of tobacco chewing on the electrical and mechanical equivalents of muscle performance among apparently healthy obese male tobacco chewers. Methods: A total of 80 male participants aged 40-60 years were recruited for this study. The participants, based on their chewing habit, were grouped into cases (tobacco chewers for more than 5 years = 40) and controls (non-chewers = 40). Anthropometric measurements such as height (m), weight (kg) and body mass index were taken. Electromyography (EMG) and handgrip strength assessments were conducted on all participants. Surface EMG of upper limb muscles: flexor digitorum profundus (FDP), flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and extensor carpi radialis (ECR) were recorded bilaterally during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) as well as during endurance time (ET). Result: ET of a non-chewers was higher than that of a tobacco chewer in both hands ( Conclusion: The study shows that tobacco chewing may be associated with altered muscle endurance and selective neuromuscular activation patterns.
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