ArticleSAGE open medicine2026
Prevalence, associated factors, and quality of life impact of urinary incontinence in heart failure patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study from a low- and middle-income country.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a frequent yet often neglected issue in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), significantly impacting their quality of life (QoL) and possibly hindering adherence to treatment. However, there is limited research on its prevalence, risk factors, and effects in low- and middle-income countries. This study seeks to assess the prevalence of UI among individuals with HF, identify related demographic, clinical, and treatment factors, and evaluate its influence on the patients' QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 148 HF patients from two major hospitals and used convenience sampling. Data on demographics, medical characteristics, and UI were obtained via the Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7). Statistical methods were applied to determine associations between patient factors and UI severity. Results: The prevalence of UI among HF patients was 46.6% (69 out of 148 participants). Compared with male participants, female participants had significantly higher median UDI-6 scores (27.7 [16.6-38.8] vs. males, Conclusions: UI is prevalent among HF patients and adversely affects their QoL. Recognizing associated factors such as sex and diuretic use can help clinicians design targeted management strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.