ArticleJournal of translational medicine2026
Systemic immune profiling of heterologous versus homologous boosting of COVID-19 vaccination.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04892459 (Safety and Immunogenicity of Sequential Immunization of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety and Immunogenicity of Sequential Immunization of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Ad5 Vector) in Chinese Healthy Adults Aged 18-59 Years: a Randomized, Observer-blind, Parallel-controlled Clinical Trial
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCompared with homologous boosting, heterologous boosting with a different COVID-19 vaccine following priming generates stronger antibody responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as variants, particularly for inactivated COVID-19 vaccine(CoronaVac). However, it is still unclear about the potential immune enhancement mechanism underlying heterologous boosting.
methodsIn this study, we isolated spike protein binding-specific monoclonal antibodies at day 180 post a homologous booster with CoronaVac or a heterologous booster with Ad5-nCoV based on two-dose of CoronaVac using the single B cell sorting platform. Subsequently, we verified their neutralization activity to SARS-CoV-2 variants, germline gene sequences and affinity kinetics targeting SARS-CoV-2 NTD/RBD/S1. Additionally, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the immunological response characteristics, by integrating single-cell RNA/V(D)J sequencing(scRNA/ V(D)J-seq).
resultsOur study demonstrated that heterologous boosting with Ad5-nCoV elicited more mature B cells with higher affinity and activated more abundant immune-related pathways compared to the homologous boosting with CoronaVac. In addition, Ad5-nCoV boosting expanded unique clonal types of B and T cells, whereas CoronaVac boosting led to a small-sized clonal expansion. Furthermore, the utilization of germlines associated with neutralizing antibody were preferentially enriched in recipients with Ad5-nCoV boosting.
conclusionsAbove all, our study gives insights for elaborating the systemic immune landscape of heterologous-boosting COVID-19 immunization by the novel single B cell sorting platform and scRNA/V(D)J-seq technology. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04892459.
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