Introducing openESM: A database of openly available experience sampling datasets.

Björn S Siepe, Jonas M B Haslbeck, Matthias Kloft, Anabel Büchner, Yong Zhang, Eiko I Fried, Daniel W Heck

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Behavior research methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Björn S SiepePsychological Methods Lab, Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. bjoern.siepe@uni-marburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-4648

Jonas M B HaslbeckDepartment of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7837

Matthias KloftPsychological Methods Lab, Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-6957

Anabel BüchnerInstitute of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2134-6361

Yong ZhangDepartment of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-2575

Eiko I FriedDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-594X

Daniel W HeckPsychological Methods Lab, Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-9252

Funding

Dutch Research Council and the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science NWO gravitation grant number 024.004.016German Academic Scholarship Foundation Doctoral ScholarshipH2020 European Research Council European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek VENI grant number 221G.110

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Experience sampling via mobile devices enables unprecedented insights into daily life. However, individual studies often cannot answer research questions conclusively, and open data are scattered across repositories in different formats. This impedes research into robustness, generalizability, and heterogeneity. We address this issue by introducing openESM, an open-source database of openly available experience sampling datasets in a harmonized format. The growing database currently comprises 60 datasets with more than 16,000 participants and more than 740,000 observations. Metadata can be searched via our website ( openesmdata.org ) to select and download datasets via packages in R and Python. We demonstrate the potential of openESM through an analysis of within-person correlations of positive and negative affect in 39 datasets, providing evidence for a large negative momentary correlation (

Indexed as

Databases, FactualEcological Momentary AssessmentHumansInternetDaily lifeDatabaseExperience samplingGeneralizabilityTime series

Identifiers

PMID42463898

DOI10.3758/s13428-026-03112-y

PMCPMC13375734

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.