ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2026
Effects of Training with Hybrid Assistive Device on Motor Unit Behavior After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Hybrid Assistive Limb in orthopaedic rehabilitation: cybernic treatment developed in Japan for neuromotor functional restoration.International orthopaedics · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePostoperative rehabilitation utilizing the single-joint Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL-SJ) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been reported to facilitate early functional recovery. This study aimed to elucidate the firing properties of individual motor units (MU) during knee exercise post-TKA with HAL-SJ assistance.
methodsThis single-blinded randomized controlled trial included 24 participants who underwent primary TKA for knee osteoarthritis. Participants were randomly assigned to the HAL-SJ (n = 12) or control (n = 12) groups. All participants followed the same postoperative rehabilitation protocol; however, those in the HAL-SJ group commenced training with the HAL-SJ 7-day post-surgery. The primary outcomes included the discharge rate (DR) obtained from high-density surface electromyography recordings from the vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles, which were measured preoperatively and 3 weeks postoperatively. The secondary outcomes included knee isometric extension torque and knee pain intensity, assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS).
resultsThe DR of the VL muscle at 60% maximal voluntary contraction in the HAL-SJ group was significantly higher postoperatively compared to preoperatively (p = 0.001). In addition, the overall DR of the VL muscle in the HAL-SJ group was significantly higher than that in the control group for higher-threshold MU (HTMU) (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in knee extension torque or resting pain NRS scores between the control and HAL-SJ groups.
conclusionRehabilitation with the HAL-SJ following TKA induced neurophysiological alterations in the VL muscle, characterized by an increased discharge rate of higher-threshold motor units. Although no significant between-group differences were observed in knee extension torque, these findings suggest that HAL-SJ training may facilitate early neural adaptations following TKA.
trial registrationThis study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000053675).
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