Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42463441›Full record

ArticleJournal of mass spectrometry : JMS2026

Green and Rapid Determination of Phthalates in Mineral Water From Virgin and Recycled PET Bottles.

Claudia Lino, Serena Indelicato, David Bongiorno, Fabio D'Agostino, Giuseppe Avellone

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Claudia LinoDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8724-7772
Serena IndelicatoDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
David BongiornoDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-356X
Fabio D'AgostinoInstitute of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), National Research Council of Italy (IAS-CNR), Trapani, Italy.
Giuseppe AvelloneDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Funding

Budget 10% dottorato 2025 University of Palermo
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the presence and quantification of phthalates released into mineral waters from virgin and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. A green, solvent-free analytical method based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed and validated to detect the following four target phthalates: diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The analytical method showed good sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and low limits of detection and quantification. Seventeen commercial water samples were analyzed, including 11 from virgin PET and six from recycled PET bottles with varying recycling content (30%-100%). Phthalate concentrations ranged from 2.21 to 18.96 μg/L, with DEHP being the most prevalent compound. Risk assessment following EFSA guidelines demonstrated that the estimated daily intakes (DIs) and the risk quotient (RQ) of all detected phthalates were well below the tolerable DI limits for both adults and toddlers. These findings confirm that the proposed method is suitable for routine screening of phthalates in mineral water and highlight the need for stricter quality controls in the recycled PET supply chain.

Indexed as

Mineral WatersPhthalic AcidsPolyethylene TerephthalatesWater Pollutants, ChemicalFood PackagingGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryGreen Chemistry TechnologyLimit of DetectionRecyclingReproducibility of ResultsSolid Phase MicroextractionMineral WatersPhthalic AcidsPolyethylene TerephthalatesWater Pollutants, ChemicalPET bottlesphthalatesSPME‐GC/MSwater

Identifiers

PMID42463441
PMCPMC13375600

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.