Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42461908›Full record

ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Intensively Reared and Free-Range Chickens in Selected Districts of Zambia.

Kenneth Chawinga, Bernard M Hang'ombe, Geoffrey Mainda, Francis Mbaimbai, Liywalii Mataa, Emmanuel Kabwali, Fusya Y Goma, Geoffrey Muuka, Musso Munyeme, Rajhab Sawasawa Mkakosya and 1 more

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Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Kenneth ChawingaKamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5410-7665
Bernard M Hang'ombeSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Geoffrey MaindaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Francis MbaimbaiSchool of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia.
Liywalii MataaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Emmanuel KabwaliSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Fusya Y GomaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Geoffrey MuukaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Musso MunyemeSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7224-1071
Rajhab Sawasawa MkakosyaKamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
Isaac Thom ShawaKamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-6467

Funding

World Bank P151847
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExtended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in poultry is an emerging One Health concern, yet comparative data on intensive versus free-range systems in sub-Saharan Africa remain sparse.

objectivesTo compare the prevalence, susceptibility profiles and β-lactamase gene content of ESBL-producing E. coli from intensively reared and free-range chickens in Central Province, Zambia.

methodsIn a cross-sectional study (March-April 2021), 112 pooled faecal samples (56 per production system; 10 birds per sampling point) were collected across seven veterinary camps in Kabwe and Kapiri Mposhi districts and processed within 24 h. Presumptive ESBL E. coli was isolated on MacConkey agar with 2 mg/L cefotaxime and identified biochemically. Susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials was tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion per CLSI M100 (2020), and ESBL production was confirmed by combination-disc synergy. bla

resultsESBL-producing E. coli was recovered from 13/112 pooled samples (11.6%, 95% CI: 6.9%-18.9%), with no difference between intensively reared (7/56, 12.5%) and free-range (6/56, 10.7%) chickens (p = 1.00). All 13 isolates were multidrug-resistant, with the highest resistance to tetracycline and cefotaxime (both 100%), streptomycin (84.6%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (69.2%). bla

conclusionsMultidrug-resistant, bla

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-LactamasesChickensDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsPoultry DiseasesAnimal HusbandryAnimalsCross-Sectional StudiesFecesMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPrevalenceZambiaAnti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-Lactamasesantimicrobial resistanceblaCTX‐MESBL‐producing E. colifree‐range chickensintensively reared chickensmultidrug resistancemultiplex PCROne HealthZambia

Identifiers

PMID42461908
PMCPMC13375079

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.