Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42461764›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Productivity gains and work conditions in coercive labor markets: Experimental evidence from the Bangladesh brick sector.

Grant Miller, Debashish Biswas, Aprajit Mahajan, Kimberly Singer Babiarz, Nina Brooks, Jessie Brunner, Sania Ashraf, Jack Shane, Alvise Scarabosio, Sameer Maithel and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Productivity gains and work conditions in coercive labor markets: Experimental evidence from the Bangladesh brick sector.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Grant MillerDepartment of Health Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0003-3191-2558
Debashish BiswasHealth Systems and Population Studies Division, The International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-2174-3922
Aprajit MahajanNational Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA 02138.ORCID 0000-0001-9448-180X
Kimberly Singer BabiarzDepartment of Health Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0002-6659-9410
Nina BrooksSchool for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48190.ORCID 0000-0003-3409-5434
Jessie BrunnerCenter for Human Rights and International Justice, Stanford Global Studies Division, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0009-0003-1580-0692
Sania AshrafDepartment of Health Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0001-7305-8922
Jack ShaneDepartment of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0009-0005-1842-9045
Alvise ScarabosioStanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0009-0000-9940-2752
Sameer MaithelGreentech Knowledge Solutions, New Delhi, 110078, India.ORCID 0009-0008-7945-3817
Shoeb AhmedDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0001-8215-5169
Moogdho MahzabPoverty, Gender, and Inclusion Unit, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, DC 20005.ORCID 0000-0003-2146-9601
Mohammad Rofi UddinHealth Systems and Population Studies Division, The International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.ORCID 0009-0003-1361-0553
Mahbubur RahmanHealth Systems and Population Studies Division, The International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-0520-2683
Stephen P LubyDivision of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0001-5385-899X

Funding

United States Department of State, through Human Trafficking Research Initiative, managed by Innovations for Poverty Action SSJTIP20CA0026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Productivity growth in competitive labor markets can improve worker welfare over time through higher wages or better conditions, but it is unclear if productivity gains benefit workers in coercive labor markets (where force or threats shape employment). We examine this issue in the Bangladesh brick sector using a randomized trial that introduced a more efficient production method. Despite large productivity improvements, we find no reduction in (high) rates of labor trafficking or child labor. These findings suggest that in the short-term, productivity growth alone may be insufficient to improve work conditions in coercive settings.

Indexed as

child laborcoercive laborhuman traffickinginformal industryproductivity

Identifiers

PMID42461764
PMCPMC13389626

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.