ArticleJournal of analytical toxicology2026
From blood to brain: postmortem brain concentrations and brain-blood ratios of chlorprothixene, clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine.
Article in Journal of analytical toxicology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Thinking beyond blood: brain concentrations and brain-blood ratios in postmortem toxicology.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Treatment with antipsychotics such as chlorprothixene, clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine can be associated with cardiovascular and metabolic risks and poisoning, making them highly relevant in toxicological investigations. Since antipsychotics primarily act within the central nervous system, brain tissue serves as an alternative or complementary matrix to femoral blood in toxicological analysis. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate brain concentrations and brain-blood ratios across toxic and non-toxic levels in 466 postmortem cases involving chlorprothixene, clozapine, olanzapine, and/or quetiapine. Median concentrations in brain tissue across all cases were 0.20 mg/kg for chlorprothixene, 4.2 mg/kg for clozapine, 0.42 mg/kg for olanzapine, and 0.34 mg/kg for quetiapine. Corresponding brain-blood ratios remained stable across the examined concentration range with median ratios of 3.1 for chlorprothixene, 2.9 for clozapine, 2.6 for olanzapine, and 3.0 for quetiapine. The provided brain concentrations and ratios can support further toxicological evaluations of postmortem cases.
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