ArticleBiomedical optics express2026
Double Stokes polarimetry of birefringent structures.
Article in Biomedical optics express, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Birefringence of collagen fibers influences second-harmonic generation (SHG) polarimetric measurements by introducing phase retardation for the incident fundamental beam and the SHG signal. The effect of birefringence on double Stokes polarimetry (DSP) parameters is investigated by imaging unstained rat tail tendon sections of varying thicknesses. In thin sections (≈10 μm thick), birefringence effects can be neglected; however, parameters combining linear and circular polarization states are affected, indicating a presence of complex-valued achiral susceptibility ratio due to fiber chirality. In thicker samples (≈80 μm thick), birefringence significantly affects DSP polarimetric and ultrastructural parameters, although approximate in-plane fiber orientation can still be retrieved. DSP polarimetric parameters enable rapid collagen characterization and are suited for large-area whole-slide investigations in histopathology.
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