ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Diagnostic performance of adult-based ultrasound ACR-TIRADS and C-TIRADS in adolescent thyroid nodules.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-TIRADS) and the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) in differentiating between malignant and benign thyroid nodules in the pediatric population. Materials and methods: In this retrospective, single-center study, a total of 461 thyroid nodules from 393 pediatric patients (median age, 16.0 years; 91 boys) from September 2018 to November 2024 were analyzed. All diagnostic performance results are reported on a per-nodule basis. Scenario 1 (biopsy recommended for ACR-TR3 nodules ≥35 mm and all ACR-TR5 nodules) and Scenario 2 (biopsy recommended for all C-TR4B, C-TR4C, and C-TR5 nodules, with no biopsy for C-TR4A) were adopted to indicate biopsy. The diagnostic performance, unnecessary biopsy rates, and biopsy triage failure rates of ACR-TIRADS, C-TIRADS, Scenario 1, and Scenario 2 were estimated and compared. Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 was significantly higher than that of ACR-TIRADS and C-TIRADS, respectively [0.793 (95% CI: 0.753 -0.829) vs. 0.663 (95% CI: 0.618 -0.706) and 0.825 (95% CI: 0.787 -0.858) vs. 0.689 (95% CI: 0.645 -0.731); both Conclusions: These findings suggest that the application of Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 can improve diagnostic performance and reduce both unnecessary biopsy rates and biopsy triage failure rates in identifying malignant thyroid nodules in the pediatric population.
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