SynthesisPublic health reviews2026
Preventive Measures and Crowd Management Strategies to Mitigate the Risk of Stampedes in Public Gatherings: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Public health reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate crowd-management strategies used at mass public gatherings and to identify the evidence gaps and priorities that reduce the risk of stampedes. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA-S guidelines, the paper searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar (gray literature), and the WHO Global Health Library (gray literature) published between January 1, 2010 and December 30, 2025. Eligible studies included observational, quasi-experimental, and simulation-based evaluations of crowd-safety interventions. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and appraised study quality using ROBINS-I and JBI checklist. A narrative (thematic) synthesis grouped interventions into engineering, operational, technology, and communication approaches. Results: Of 833 unique records identified, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Included studies were mainly observational analyses, simulation/modeling studies, or quasi-experiments from diverse settings (pilgrimages, festivals, sports events). Multi-modal strategies combining environmental design (one-way flows, barriers), operational controls, real-time monitoring, and trained personnel were consistently associated with improved crowd-flow indicators (shorter evacuation times). Conclusion: Integrated crowd-management approaches can mitigate stampede risks, but require high-quality empirical evaluations and standardized outcome metrics to strengthen evidence for policy and practice. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251142906, identifier CRD420251142906.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.