Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42459687›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Longitudinal assessment of sNfL and sGFAP in severe NMOSD treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Barbora Srpova, Eva Krasulova, Libuse Noskova, Michaela Cichrova, Marta Kalousova, Veronika Valkova, Marek Trneny, Vlastimil Kral, Eva Kubala Havrdova, Petra Nytrova

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Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Barbora SrpovaDepartment of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Eva KrasulovaDepartment of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Libuse NoskovaInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Michaela CichrovaInstitute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Marta KalousovaInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Veronika ValkovaInstitute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czechia.
Marek TrnenyFirst Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital in Prague and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Vlastimil KralHealth Institute based in Ústí nad Labem, Center for Immunology and Microbiology, Ústí nad Labem, Czechia.
Eva Kubala HavrdovaDepartment of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
Petra NytrovaDepartment of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and objectives: Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have recently emerged as potential biomarkers of disease activity, although their clinical relevance remains uncertain. Our aim was to assess longitudinal sNfL and sGFAP dynamics at the individual level in a patient with a severe course of aquaporin-4-antibody-positive (AQP4-IgG) NMOSD who failed common therapeutic approaches and consequently required autologous (ASCT) and ultimately allogeneic (alloSCT) stem cell transplantation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed sNfL and sGFAP levels in 34 longitudinal serum samples collected from a single female patient over an eight-year observation period. Levels of sNfL and sGFAP were measured using the Single Molecule Array (Simoa). Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Results: The median sNfL was 25.21 pg/mL (IQR 32.74), and the median sGFAP level was 358.03 pg/mL (IQR 1954.06). A positive correlation was observed between sNfL levels and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) (r = 0.41, p = 0.0149). Elevated sGFAP levels were associated with clinical relapses. Discussion: This single-patient study provides unique longitudinal data on sNfL and sGFAP in a highly aggressive course of AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD requiring allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The findings suggest that sNfL may reflect cumulative disability progression, whereas sGFAP appears to more reliably capture disease activity. These observations should be interpreted cautiously as descriptive and hypothesis-generating only.

Indexed as

Glial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinNeurofilament ProteinsNeuromyelitis OpticaStem Cell TransplantationAquaporin 4AutoantibodiesBiomarkersFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexTransplantation, HomologousTreatment OutcomeAQP4 protein, humanAquaporin 4AutoantibodiesBiomarkersGFAP protein, humanGlial Fibrillary Acidic Proteinneurofilament protein LNeurofilament ProteinsalloSCTASCTNMOSDsGFAPsNfL

Identifiers

PMID42459687
PMCPMC13368567

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.