ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Development and psychometric validation of a home-based intravenous infusion needs scale and associated factors among Chinese older adults.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: To develop and validate a scale for assessing home-based intravenous (IV) infusion needs among Chinese older adults, and to examine the level and determinants of such needs. Methods: The scale was developed in four stages: (1) item pool construction from the literature and semi-structured interviews with older adults; (2) initial scale development, including pilot testing and item revision; (3) scale validation, including expert evaluation of content validity, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability assessment in 303 older adults; and (4) application of the finalized scale to assess the level and determinants of home-based IV infusion needs. Results: The final scale comprised 19 items across four domains: professional and policy assurance, service delivery and quality assurance, safety and emergency assurance, and health guidance and follow-up assurance. These four factors accounted for 60.6% of the total variance. Item-level content validity indices ranged from 0.875 to 1.000, with scale-level indices of 0.895 (S-CVI/UA) and 0.987 (S-CVI/Ave). The total-scale Cronbach's α was 0.899. Item-level mean scores indicated a moderate-to-high level of need overall, with the highest scores observed for medical insurance reimbursement (4.12 ± 0.96) and healthcare providers' attitudes (4.10 ± 0.92). In multiple regression, living with spouse and children (vs. living alone; Conclusion: The scale showed good content validity, acceptable construct validity, and satisfactory internal consistency for assessing home-based IV infusion needs among Chinese older adults. Medical insurance reimbursement and healthcare providers' attitudes were the highest-rated needs. Living arrangement and willingness to receive home-based IV infusion were significantly associated with need scores. These findings may inform needs assessments, service planning, and reimbursement policies for home-based IV infusions. Further validation in larger and more diverse independent samples is needed.
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