Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42458532›Full record

ArticleThyroid research2026

Eating behavior traits across thyroid function groups in Saudi adults: a cross-sectional study.

Hayat Alzahrani, Sahar G Alshammari, Soaad Alsulami, Sahar Afeef, Nehal S Alsharif, Sarah Althubeati, Sarah M Arafsha, Amal Aloud

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Article in Thyroid research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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8 authors.

Hayat AlzahraniDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Sahar G AlshammariDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Soaad AlsulamiDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sahar AfeefDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Nehal S AlsharifDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sarah AlthubeatiDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sarah M ArafshaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Amal AloudDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. aaloud@ksu.edu.sa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThyroid dysfunction is known to impact metabolic rate and body weight, yet its relationship with eating behavior remains underexplored in Saudi adults. This study explores the differences in appetitive traits across self-reported thyroid status groups using the validated Arabic version of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ-Ar).

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 439 adults in Saudi Arabia (median age = 39 years, median BMI = 29.06 kg/m

resultsAfter adjustment for covariates, both the self-reported hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups reported significantly higher emotional overeating (β = 1.032 and β = 1.198, respectively; both p < 0.001), hunger (β = 0.696 and β = 0.780; both p < 0.001), satiety responsiveness (β = 0.464 and β = 0.761; both p < 0.001), and slowness in eating (β = 0.511 and β = 0.711; both p < 0.001) compared with individuals reporting normal thyroid function. Food fussiness was higher in the self-reported hypothyroid group compared with the normal group (β = 0.196, p = 0.006). No other traits differed significantly between the self-reported hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups.

conclusionsSelf-reported thyroid dysfunction was associated with higher emotional overeating, hunger, satiety responsiveness, and slower eating. Because thyroid function tests and treatment data were not collected, these findings reflect associations with self-reported status rather than confirmed current function. Nevertheless, clinicians may consider assessing eating behaviors in patients with thyroid disorders. Future studies should include biochemical confirmation and treatment history.

Indexed as

Adult eating behavior questionnaireAEBQ-ArAppetitive traitsEating behaviorEmotional overeatingHungerHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismSaudi adultsThyroid dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID42458532

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