Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42457877›Full record

ArticleLeukemia2026

DNA methylation signatures distinguish extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma and EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma and identify prognostic subgroups.

The Phyu, Sai Mun Leong, Shangying Chen, Wenjun Gu, Anja Fischer, Qiao-Yang Sun, Henry Yang, Nicholas L Syn, Lichang Deng, Louis Ching Yi Low and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Leukemia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

The PhyuDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-6118
Sai Mun LeongDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Shangying ChenBioinformatics Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Wenjun GuDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Anja FischerInstitute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-2544
Qiao-Yang SunDepartment of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
Henry YangCancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1155-8216
Nicholas L SynDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Lichang DengDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2025-9667
Louis Ching Yi LowDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Shih-Sung ChuangDepartment of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-525X
Seiichi KatoDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Joseph D KhouryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2621-3584
Young-Hyeh KoDepartment of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-0579
Kenneth Hon Kim BanDepartment of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Limei PoonDepartment of Hematology/Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
Leticia Quintanilla-MartinezInstitute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
Reiner SiebertInstitute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7433-3703
Ling-Wen DingDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. patdl@nus.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0022-1551
Siok-Bian NgDepartment of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. patnsb@nus.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-6410

Funding

MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) MOH-001104-00MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) MOH-001575-00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (nodal-TNKL) are aggressive lymphomas with overlapping clinicopathologic features but distinct underlying biology. While their genomic landscapes have been increasingly defined, comparative epigenetic characterization remains limited. We performed methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from ENKTL, nodal-TNKL, ENKTL cell lines, and control tissues. ENKTL displayed extensive promoter hypermethylation associated with repression of tumor suppressor genes, lineage regulators, and lymphoid signaling genes, including LEF1 and BANK1, together with focal hypomethylation of immune- and interferon-responsive genes such as IFITM1. In contrast, nodal-TNKL showed global hypomethylation, particularly affecting cytotoxicity, immune-response, and antigen-presentation pathways; TET2-mutated nodal-TNKL cases exhibited locus-specific methylation changes. Across all samples, global DNA methylation levels correlated with genomic instability. Unsupervised clustering identified two epigenetically distinct ENKTL subgroups, one characterized by higher global methylation, TP53 loss, increased copy number alterations and loss of heterozygosity and significantly poorer overall survival. Together, this study defines fundamental epigenetic differences between ENKTL and nodal-TNKL and links DNA methylation dynamics to genomic instability and clinical outcome, highlighting the value of methylation profiling for refined classification, risk stratification and therapeutic guidance.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorDNA MethylationEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsLymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-CellEpigenesis, GeneticGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHerpesvirus 4, HumanHumansPrognosisPromoter Regions, GeneticBiomarkers, Tumor

Identifiers

PMID42457877
PMCPMC13612223

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.