Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42455503›Full record

ArticleFamily medicine2026

Early Intervention and Remediation in Family Medicine Residencies: Behavioral Science Faculty Ratings of the Integration of Consensus-Based Recommendations.

Christopher M Haymaker, Jessica Schilling, Kathryn Fraser, Amy Romain, Emilee Delbridge, Amber Cadick, Melissa E Arthur, Grace Pratt, Krithika Malhotra, Austin Brubaker

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Family medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Christopher M HaymakerHomer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI.
Jessica SchillingDuluth Family Medicine Residency Program, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN.
Kathryn FraserFamily Medicine Residency Program, Halifax Health, Daytona Beach, FL.
Amy RomainMichigan State University Family Medicine Residency, University of Michigan Health-Sparrow, East Lansing, MI.
Emilee DelbridgeFamily Medicine Residency Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
Amber CadickFamily Medicine Residency Program, Union Hospital, Terre Haute, IN.
Melissa E ArthurFamily Medicine Residency Program, St. Joseph's Health Hospital, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.
Grace PrattFamily Medicine Residency Program, Integris Great Plains, Oklahoma City, OK.
Krithika MalhotraFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Austin BrubakerHomer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesRemediation during residency training remains underexplored despite unique challenges. Residencies face complex factors including increasing awareness of learning difficulties, greater diversity in training programs, and elevated rates of mental health concerns. Aiming to understand remediation best practices, this study leveraged behavioral science faculty (BSF), who often support early identification, intervention, and remediation for family medicine residency programs. BSF perceptions of the frequency of best practice implementation for early intervention and remediation within family medicine residency programs served as an initial step toward developing a questionnaire to help programs assess their process and infrastructure.

methodsSeventy BSF from university-based, university-affiliated, and community programs completed a national survey developed through a Delphi process identifying consensus-based best practices (CBBP). The questionnaire assessed the frequency with which BSF observed best practice implementation across their programs. Data were analyzed using χ2 tests, Fisher's exact tests, and factor analysis with Promax rotation to identify underlying dimensions of remediation practices.

resultsImplementation of CBBP varied across programs. Preliminary factor analysis revealed two factors that could be used for program evaluation. The two factors emerged as indicators of the remediation process. Organization and follow-up (Factor 1) reflected processes characterized by transparency, predictability, and follow-through. People and development (Factor 2) reflected a culture that normalizes challenges inherent in residency, understands key experiences, and develops faculty skill in effectively delivering feedback.

conclusionsEffective remediation requires organized processes and culture that support growth and psychological safety. This study presents a preliminary questionnaire assessing these practices from the BSF perspective.

Indexed as

Behavioral SciencesFaculty, MedicalFamily PracticeInternship and ResidencyConsensusDelphi TechniqueHumansSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID42455503
PMCPMC13367398

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.