ArticleEuropean journal of pediatrics2026
Clinical factors associated with retreatment and early coronary outcomes in Kawasaki disease in children aged < 6 months: a single-center cohort study.
Article in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To evaluate whether pre-treatment coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) Z-score, inflammatory markers, and incomplete Kawasaki disease (KD) status are associated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) retreatment and early coronary outcomes in infants aged < 6 months. We retrospectively reviewed infants aged < 6 months who were treated with IVIG for KD between 2011 and 2024. Clinical, laboratory, treatment, and serial echocardiographic data were collected, and patient-level maximal coronary Z-scores were calculated. The primary outcome was additional IVIG; the secondary outcome was CAA Z-score (≥ 2.5) at approximately 1 month after illness onset. Among 76 infants (median age, 4.3 months), 17/76 (22.4%) required additional IVIG, 14/76 (18.4%) had CAA at approximately 1 month after illness onset, and 3/76 (3.9%) had residual CAA at or after 6 months. Additional IVIG was independently associated with pre-treatment CAA (Z ≥ 2.5), earlier illness day at initial IVIG, and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; the multivariable model showed good discrimination (area under the curve [AUC] 0.84). For CAA at 1 month, both a baseline-only model including pre-treatment CAA Z-score, albumin, and illness day at initial IVIG (AUC 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84-0.97) and a course-aware model including pre-treatment CAA Z-score and additional IVIG (AUC 0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.97) showed high discrimination. CAA at 1 month with Z-max ≥ 5.0 was associated with residual CAA risk.
conclusionsIn infants aged < 6 months with KD, pre-treatment coronary involvement and higher inflammatory burden were strongly associated with additional IVIG, whereas pre-treatment coronary disease severity, lower albumin, and an early refractory course were strongly associated with CAA at 1 month. WHAT IS KNOWN: • Infants aged < 6 months with Kawasaki disease (KD) have higher non-response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and more coronary artery abnormalities (CAA). • Guidelines recommend early transthoracic echocardiography and coronary Z-score assessment, but infant-specific prognostic data remain limited. WHAT IS NEW: • In this infant-only cohort, pre-treatment CAA Z-score ≥ 2.5 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 2.15 were associated with additional IVIG. • Pre-treatment CAA Z-score, lower albumin, and an early refractory course were the factors most strongly associated with CAA at 1 month.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.