Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42454543›Full record

ReviewDrug and alcohol review2026

International Policy Approaches for Higher THC Cannabis Products: Are They Applicable to the Australian Medicinal Cannabis Framework?

Myfanwy Graham, Dereje Assefa, Adrian Carter, Suzanne Nielsen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug and alcohol review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Myfanwy GrahamMonash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0618-7497
Dereje AssefaMonash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Adrian CarterSchool of Psychological Sciences and the Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Suzanne NielsenMonash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5341-1055

Funding

Department of Health and Aged Care, Australian GovernmentNational Health and Medical Research Council 2025894National Health and Medical Research Council 2030765
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThere have been concerted research efforts internationally to examine the health effects of higher delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration cannabis products and to design policies to reduce potential negative health effects of their use. This study identifies international policy approaches for regulating higher THC products relevant to the Australian medicinal cannabis program.

methodsAn environmental scan of international literature and policy as part of a broader study commissioned to inform Australian policy. Methods were prospectively registered with the Open Science Framework: 10.17605/OSF.IO/HNFUT. Peer-reviewed and grey literature on international policy approaches were identified through searches for 'high potency THC' and 'policy'. The literature was then narratively synthesised.

resultsWe identified 76 publications and other sources that described policy approaches recommended or implemented in five jurisdictions: Canada; Germany; the Netherlands; the United States; and Uruguay. Approaches included setting a threshold for cannabis flower THC concentration at or below the biological THC limit of 30%-35% found in the plant and a risk-tiered model for highly concentrated THC dosage forms. THC limits per dose and per package have been applied to edible products. Additional approaches included quantity limits, packaging and labelling requirements, pharmacovigilance, and education. DISCUSSION AND

conclusionsPolicy approaches for higher THC concentration cannabis products could be adapted to the Australian regulatory environment to reduce potentially harmful THC exposure.

Indexed as

CannabisDronabinolMedical MarijuanaAustraliaHumansDronabinolMedical Marijuanadelta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinolhigh THC potencymedicinal cannabispolicypublic health

Identifiers

PMID42454543
PMCPMC13370733

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.