ArticleJournal of inflammation research2026
Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses Identify Acupuncture-Associated Changes in Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and TNC Gene Expression in Chronic Migraine Rats.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Gut microbiota alterations and gut-brain communication have been implicated in migraine. Acupuncture is a non-pharmacological therapy for migraine, and our previous studies showed it alleviates hyperalgesia in chronic migraine (CM) models, possibly through gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. However, whether acupuncture-associated effects in CM are accompanied by coordinated changes in gut microbial composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, and trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) gene expression remains unclear. Methods: A nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced CM rat model was used. Rats were randomized to VEH, NTG, NTG+true acupuncture (NTG+TA), and NTG+sham acupuncture (NTG+SA) groups. TA was administered daily at acupoints GB8 and GB34 for nine consecutive days. Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed using paw withdrawal threshold and tail-flick latency. TNC levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were quantified by ELISA. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing, SCFA profiling in fecal and plasma samples, and TNC transcriptomics were integrated to characterize acupuncture-associated changes related to the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Results: TA significantly reduced migraine-like hyperalgesia and neuroinflammation in CM rats. Compared with the NTG group, the NTG+TA group showed altered gut microbiota composition, characterized by higher relative abundances of Conclusion: In NTG-induced CM rats, TA reduced hyperalgesia and neuroinflammation, accompanied by changes in gut microbiota, SCFA profiles, and TNC gene expression, providing preliminary associative evidence that warrants further mechanistic and clinical validation.
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