Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42453902›Full record

ArticleHealth services insights2026

Financial Inclusion Reforms and Female Entrepreneurship in Latin America: Evidence With Health Equity Heterogeneity.

Mario de la Puente, José Torres, Hernán Guzmán, Johana Elisa Fajardo Pereira, Aníbal Henrique Toscano Hernández

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health services insights, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mario de la PuenteUniversidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-1267
José TorresUniversidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia.
Hernán GuzmánUniversidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia.
Johana Elisa Fajardo PereiraUniversidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Colombia.
Aníbal Henrique Toscano HernándezUniversidad del Sinú, Sincelejo, Colombia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Female entrepreneurship is an important dimension of women's economic participation in Latin America and may also function as a pathway with implications for health and wellbeing. This study estimates the causal effects of national financial inclusion reforms (2014-2018) on female entrepreneurship using staggered difference-in-differences with Callaway-Sant'Anna estimators across 15 countries. Data from the World Bank, ECLAC, and PAHO span 2014-2021. The empirical analysis does not model health outcomes directly; instead, it tests whether the entrepreneurship effects of financial inclusion reforms vary according to pre-existing gender inequity in health systems, measured through a composite index based on maternal mortality, antenatal care, contraceptive prevalence, and health insurance access. The study therefore contributes primarily to economic policy analysis while drawing on a health-related contextual framework to show how baseline health-system conditions moderate policy effectiveness in promoting female entrepreneurship.

Indexed as

female entrepreneurshipfinancial inclusiongender health equityLatin Americasocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID42453902
PMCPMC13365646

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.