Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42453737›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in plant science2026

Interactive effects of biochar, nitrogen fertilizer, and irrigation on SOC and crop yield in a rice-wheat rotation system.

Danyan Chen, Yuanyuan Feng, Hailing Li, Ya Liu, Hongbo Ma, Xianju Xu, Xiangyu Kong, Heng Qi, Yuxuan Zhang, Jiaying Wang and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Danyan ChenCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Yuanyuan FengCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Hailing LiCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Ya LiuSchool of Software Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Hongbo MaInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Xianju XuInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Xiangyu KongCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Heng QiCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Yuxuan ZhangCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Jiaying WangCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Jingze MaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Zhenyue LiCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Jiameng QianCollege of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.
Wei ZhouInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rational management of coupled carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and water (W) inputs (C-N-W) is essential for the sustainability of rice-wheat rotation systems. Using a soil column pot experiment, we investigated the interactive effects of C-N-W on soil organic carbon (SOC) and crop grain yields. Two straw-derived wet biochars-wheat straw biochar (Cw) and rice straw biochar (Cr)-were applied only during the rice season. Three nitrogen levels were tested for both crops: N0 (no N), N1 (20% reduced N with a 3:7 ratio of quick-release to slow-release urea), and N2 (conventional N with a 4:6 ratio of quick-release to slow-release urea). Two irrigation regimes were applied: W1 (shallow flooding for rice/conventional irrigation for wheat) and W2 (alternate wetting-drying for rice/reduced irrigation for wheat). The control (CK) received no N and no biochar under W2 irrigation. All treatments significantly increased SOC in the whole system. C-N-W management enhanced SOC by 15.4%-23.9% during the rice season and by 1.6%-26.8% at wheat harvest. The optimal rotational rice/wheat SOC was achieved under Cr-W2N1 (8.03/8.11 g/kg) and Cr-W1N1 (7.86/8.22 g/kg). Wheat-season SOC was positively correlated with wheat root and shoot dry weights (

Indexed as

biocharrice-wheat rotation systemSOCwater-fertilizer interactionyield

Identifiers

PMID42453737
PMCPMC13366217

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.