Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42453691›Full record

ArticlePatterns (New York, N.Y.)2026

EnzymeHunter: Achieving fine-grained enzyme function prediction with a hierarchically aware contrastive learning framework.

Guoxin Cao, Jian Ouyang, Xiangyi Xiong, Changle Liu, Yi Zhang, Siqi Yang, Tieliu Shi, Jun Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Patterns (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Guoxin CaoCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Jian OuyangCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Xiangyi XiongCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Changle LiuCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Yi ZhangSchool of Statistics, East China Normal University, Zhongshan North Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, China.
Siqi YangCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Tieliu ShiCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.
Jun WuCenter for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai 200241, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate enzyme function annotation is a grand challenge due to the vast number of uncharacterized proteins and the difficulty of distinguishing subtle functions. We introduce EnzymeHunter, a deep-learning framework that achieves fine-grained prediction via a hierarchically aware contrastive learning strategy. By integrating sequence and structural information and using the Enzyme Commission (EC) hierarchy to guide its loss function, our model learns a functionally coherent embedding space where distances reflect precise levels of catalytic similarity. EnzymeHunter significantly outperforms state-of-the-art models, particularly in challenging scenarios, achieving fine-grained precision down to the fourth EC level, maintaining robust performance in low-homology cases, and accurately predicting rare enzyme classes. In a proteome-wide application to

Indexed as

contrastive learningdeep learningenzyme function predictionhierarchical classificationprotein language model

Identifiers

PMID42453691
PMCPMC13366525

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.