Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42452297›Full record

ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Composition of Different Herbal Extracts and Their Impact on Initial Bacterial Colonization on Enamel In Situ.

Theresa Schneider, Isabelle Kölling-Speer, Sarah Hellmann, Cindy Scheunemann, Karl Speer, Christian Hannig, Matthias Hannig, Jasmin Flemming

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Theresa SchneiderDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01309 Dresden, Germany.
Isabelle Kölling-SpeerSpecial Food Chemistry and Food Production, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
Sarah HellmannSpecial Food Chemistry and Food Production, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
Cindy ScheunemannSpecial Food Chemistry and Food Production, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
Karl SpeerSpecial Food Chemistry and Food Production, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Bergstraße 66, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
Christian HannigDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Periodontolgy and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01309 Dresden, Germany.
Matthias HannigClinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
Jasmin FlemmingDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Periodontolgy and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01309 Dresden, Germany.

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft HA2718/27-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft HA5192/19-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SP464/6- 1German Research Foundation no. 405985440 (HA 2718/27-1; HA 5192/19-1; SP 464/6-1)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Foods rich in polyphenols are known to promote oral health by modifying the enamel pellicle. In doing so, they reduce bacterial adhesion, biofilm maturation, and erosion. The goal of this study was to screen local herbal drugs available in Central Europe for their potential suitability as part of a diet promoting oral health by targeting the initial stages of biofilm formation. To achieve this, an in situ study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the four polyphenol-rich herbal extracts of blackcurrant leaves, oak bark, horse chestnut leaves, and sweet chestnut leaves on early bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on tooth enamel over an 8 h period. This research aimed to identify natural remedies that could support oral hygiene by targeting the initial stages of biofilm formation. Study Design and Experimental Procedures: Aqueous extracts were prepared by ultrasonic extraction. Eight human subjects wore bovine enamel slabs intraorally for 8 h. After 1 min of pellicle formation, the subjects rinsed with 8 mL of the extracts for 10 min, followed by intraoral exposure without food. An 8 h-exposure without rinse served as the negative control; 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) served as the positive control. After 8 h, bacterial adhesion and biofilm matrix formation on the enamel slabs were quantified ex vivo using DAPI/Concanavalin A staining and fluorescence microscopy. The LIVE/DEAD™ BacLight™ assay was used to assess bacterial viability. Statistical analysis was performed by the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test (

Indexed as

blackcurrant leavesCastaneae foliumHippocastani foliumhorse chestnut leavesoak barkpolyphenolsQuercus cortexRibis nigri foliumsweet chestnut leaves

Identifiers

PMID42452297
PMCPMC13364459

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.