Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42451920›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Development of Alkali-Activated Tiles Based on Metakaolin and Ceramic Tile Waste by Uniaxial Pressing.

Giulia Masi, Antonietta Settino, Giovanni Ridolfi, Denia Mazzini, Maria Chiara Bignozzi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Giulia MasiDepartment of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5204-2059
Antonietta SettinoDepartment of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-6381-8982
Giovanni RidolfiCentro Ceramico, Via Valle d'Aosta 1, 41049 Sassuolo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1010-5677
Denia MazziniColorobbia Italia S.p.A., Via Bucciardi 37, Fiorano Modenese, 41042 Modena, Italy.
Maria Chiara BignozziDepartment of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1939-5909

Funding

Italian Ministry of University and Research Programma Operativo Nazionale (PON) "Ricerca e Innovazione" 2014 - 2020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of transferring alkali activation technology to the ceramic tile production by developing tiles based on metakaolin and ceramic tile waste by uniaxial pressing. Optimization of the tile formulations was achieved by adjusting precursor composition (metakaolin or combination of metakaolin and ceramic tile waste), NaOH molarity, and overall water content. After uniaxial pressing at 50 MPa, alkali-activated tiles were consolidated at 50 °C for 24 h. Physical and mechanical properties were assessed following ISO test methods for ceramic tiles, allowing direct comparison with the ISO classification requirements. The more promising formulations highlight a water absorption by vacuum test method (ISO 10545-3) equal to 15%, thus allowing a BIII classification according to ISO 13006. Finally, thermal stability up to 850 °C was determined, thus allowing alkali-activated tiles to be industrially glazed.

Indexed as

alkali-activated materialsceramic tile wasteglazingporositypressingthermal stabilitytiles

Identifiers

PMID42451920
PMCPMC13363506

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.