Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42451281›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

A Comprehensive Method to Evaluate the Usability of Virtual Reality Headset Devices for Industrial Applications.

Marco Cirelli, Alessio Cellupica, Pier Paolo Valentini, Luigi Cinque, Marco Raoul Marini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marco CirelliDepartment of Enterprise Engineering "Mario Lucertini", University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0700-3752
Alessio CellupicaDepartment of Enterprise Engineering "Mario Lucertini", University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-6193-6993
Pier Paolo ValentiniDepartment of Enterprise Engineering "Mario Lucertini", University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8243-8142
Luigi CinqueDepartment of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria 113, 00198 Rome, Italy.
Marco Raoul MariniDepartment of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Salaria 113, 00198 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2540-2570

Funding

Ministero dell'università e della ricerca CUP E53D23003850006Ministero dell'università e della ricerca CUP E83C22003240001Ministero dell'università e della ricerca CUP H33C22000420001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increasing adoption of virtual reality for industrial tasks such as virtual assembly, inspection, and operator training necessitates a standardized approach for evaluating and selecting appropriate hardware. This paper addresses this need by introducing a comprehensive methodology to assess the usability of commercially widespread virtual reality headsets specifically for industrial applications with hand-held controllers. We conducted a large-scale comparative study involving five leading headsets (HTC VIVE Pro 1 and 2, HTC VIVE XR Elite, Meta Quest Pro, and Meta Quest 3) and 60 demographically balanced participants. The evaluation was based on a protocol of 15 distinct tasks designed to measure performance in near and far-field object manipulation, interaction fidelity, visual clarity, ergonomics, and long-term comfort. By combining quantitative Key Performance Indicators with subjective user feedback and rigorous inferential statistical analysis, our findings reveal significant performance disparities among the devices. The results demonstrate that, while certain headsets excel in high-precision tracking for assembly tasks, others offer superior comfort, visual quality, and ease of use for inspection and prolonged sessions. Ultimately, this study concludes that no single headset is universally superior; the optimal choice is highly task-dependent. The proposed methodology provides a robust, evidence-based framework to guide industries in making informed virtual reality hardware selections tailored to their specific needs.

Indexed as

IndustryVirtual RealityEquipment DesignErgonomicsHumansUser-Computer Interfaceassembly simulationergonomic assessmentindustrial virtual environmentinteraction performanceusability methodologyuser-centered evaluationvirtual realityVR headset

Identifiers

PMID42451281
PMCPMC13364446

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.