ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
A Dual-Channel Strain Gauge Force Plate System with Hardware-Triggered Synchronization for Countermovement Jump Analysis.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Countermovement jump (CMJ) analysis is widely used to assess lower limb neuromuscular function, but commercial force plates often suffer from high cost, closed algorithms, and lack of bilateral independent measurement. This study developed and evaluated a dual channel strain gauge force plate system featuring open architecture and hardware-triggered video synchronization. The system consists of two physically isolated plates, each with four full bridge strain beams, a precision analog front end, and a 2000 Hz acquisition unit. A microcontroller-based hardware trigger synchronizes force data with video capture. Custom host software implements adaptive jump phase recognition and calculates peak force (PF), concentric impulse, jump height, rate of force development (RFD), and asymmetry index (ASI). Validation included static mass measurements in 14 participants, low-load static calibration (5.0-30.0 kg), free-fall impulse validation (7.00 to 31.32 N·s), 240 fps high-speed video cross validation of flight time, ecological-validity comparison with published AMTI-based force-plate data, and 48 h test-retest reliability assessment. Static mass measurement showed a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.01% and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9992, while low-load testing confirmed excellent linearity (R2>0.996) and minimal absolute error (mean absolute error = 0.34 kg) at lighter weights. Dynamic impulse validation yielded R2>0.997 and MAPE < 3%. Flight time agreement with high-speed video was within ±10 ms. Test-retest reliability was excellent for concentric impulse (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.997) and jump height (ICC = 0.987), and good for PF (ICC = 0.962) and rate of force development at 100 ms (RFD
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