Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42450838›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Neurosurgical Theatres' Carbon Net Efficiency: A Service Improvement Project Conducted via the Oxford Cranioplasty Pathway.

Sara Lonigro, Yaw Antwi-Yeboah, Francesca Carella, Tania Dos Reis, Gregory P L Thomas, Rosanna Ching, Lara Prisco, Mario Ganau

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sara LonigroNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.ORCID 0009-0004-2446-1060
Yaw Antwi-YeboahDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Francesca CarellaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.ORCID 0009-0002-9210-2401
Tania Dos ReisDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Gregory P L ThomasDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Rosanna ChingDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS FT, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6913-8962
Lara PriscoNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6727-7870
Mario GanauNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8676-1147

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe research question explored in this study revolves around the quantitative evaluation of the carbon footprint of cranioplasty surgery, a neurosurgical intervention meant to reconstruct skull defects.

methodsFollowing a calculation of the emissions pertaining to Scope 1 to 3 of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol, the authors engaged with various stakeholders to identify possible interventions meant to drive the carbon efficiency of a cranioplasty pathway. The service improvement project (SIP) that ensued was aimed at reducing the volume and weight of the packaging materials for cranioplasty shipping boxes, and decreasing the paper consumption relative to the preparation of user manuals without compromising patients' safety.

resultsOur analysis indicates a cumulative carbon footprint of 104.35 kg CO

conclusionsThis study demonstrates the effectiveness of a partnership between public institutions and medtech companies in driving carbon net efficiency of a cranioplasty pathway, and we suggest that such approach is scalable to other surgical specialties.

Indexed as

calvarial reconstructioncarbon net efficiencysurgical pathway

Identifiers

PMID42450838
PMCPMC13361539

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.