Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42450221›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Hierarchical Nuclear Architecture in Pre-mRNA Splicing: From IDRs to Speckles and Meshworks.

Akio Masuda, Tohru Matsuki, Takaaki Okamoto, Naoko Inamura, Masahide Fukada, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Akio MasudaDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.
Tohru MatsukiDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-1832-2406
Takaaki OkamotoDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.ORCID 0009-0004-7855-2224
Naoko InamuraDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.
Masahide FukadaDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.
Yoshiharu KawaguchiDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Kasugai 4800392, Aichi, Japan.

Funding

Japanese Association of Medical Technologists Agrants-in-aid of the 24th General Assembly of the Japanese Association of Medical SciencesJapan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23K07240, JP23K21309, JP24K21987, JP25K02203, JP26K10743 and JP26K10843
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The spatial organization of the eukaryotic nucleus plays a pivotal role in regulating pre-mRNA splicing; however, the underlying principles governing this organization remain incompletely understood. Recent advances in imaging and sequencing technologies have revealed that splicing regulation is orchestrated across multiple hierarchical levels, from nanoscale protein-RNA interactions to large-scale nuclear architecture. Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) mediate multivalent interactions that drive liquid-liquid phase separation, leading to the formation of dynamic biomolecular condensates, such as nuclear speckles, paraspeckles, and nuclear stress bodies (nSBs). These structures act as functional hubs that modulate RNA processing efficiency and respond to cellular stress. In addition, emerging evidence highlights nucleus-wide RBP meshworks that spatially organize co-transcriptional splicing through dynamic RNA-dependent interactions. The interplay between these condensates and meshworks forms a spatially organized network that fine-tunes the efficiency and fidelity of pre-mRNA splicing. Collectively, this review presents a unified model in which phase separation and higher-order nuclear architecture coordinately regulate transcriptomic output in space and time.

Indexed as

Cell NucleusIntrinsically Disordered ProteinsNuclear SpecklesRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA PrecursorsRNA SplicingAnimalsHumansPhase SeparationIntrinsically Disordered ProteinsRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA Precursorsintrinsically disordered regionmeshworkphase separationRNA-binding proteinspecklesplicing

Identifiers

PMID42450221
PMCPMC13361827

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.