Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42450048›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Intravenous Everolimus Formulation (Sapu003) for Clinical Trials.

Sheng-Hao Min, Kevin Forero, William Putnam, Jonathan Anderson, Robert Hoff, John Lopp, Vuong Trieu, Kwun Ho, Cynthia Lee

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07369505 (A Phase 1b, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics of Sapu003 in Advanced mTOR-sensitive Solid Tumors), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07369505 phase1recruitingnot on this map

A Phase 1b, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics of Sapu003 in Advanced mTOR-sensitive Solid Tumors (With or Without Exemestane)

TypeinterventionalSponsorSAPU NANO (US) LLCRan2025 to 2026Enrolled27ConditionsBreast Cancer Metastatic, Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), Neuroendocrine Tumors, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)ArmsSapu003, Exemestane 25 MG
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sheng-Hao MinSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
Kevin ForeroSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
William PutnamSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
Jonathan AndersonSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
Robert HoffSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
John LoppSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
Vuong TrieuOncotelic Therapeutics Inc., 29397 Agoura Road, Suite 107, Agoura Hills, CA 91301, USA.
Kwun HoSapu Bioscience, LLC, 10840 Thornmint Road, Suite 118, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.
Cynthia LeeSapu Nano (US) LLC, 10801 Thornmint Rd. Suite 150, San Diego, CA 92127, USA.

Funding

Sapu Bioscience,LLC N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Everolimus is approved for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma after VEGF-targeted therapy, metastatic HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer in combination with exemestane, and other oncologic indications. However, an intravenous option has not been developed, largely due to its pronounced hydrophobicity and limited oral bioavailability of approximately 15-20%. In this study, we report the development of Sapu003, a novel intravenous Everolimus formulation enabled through the Deciparticle™ platform. A diverse library of mPEG-based block copolymers was evaluated for their ability to encapsulate Everolimus and self-assemble into stable nanoparticle structures. mPEG-Chol was ultimately selected based on its favorable biocompatibility characteristics. In addition to Everolimus, mPEG-Chol and related analogs demonstrated broad formulation compatibility with multiple hydrophobic therapeutics, including Sirolimus, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine, as well as representative peptides and polyketides. Clinical manufacturing was conducted in a cGMP environment over a 7-day production cycle. Production was carried out under amber light using light-protective vials to reduce drug degradation. The bulk material was sterile-filtered, and subsequent fill/finish/lyophilization operations were performed under temperature-controlled conditions with high precision in fill accuracy (≥98%). After reconstitution, the final product yielding uniform Deciparticles™ that met predefined sterility and particle size criteria. Stability studies demonstrated that the formulation remained stable for at least one month at 5 °C and retained acceptable in-use stability for at least 24 h at room temperature. The process was successfully scaled beyond 10 g, supporting an ongoing Phase 1b open-label dose escalation clinical study of Sapu003 in combination with exemestane in patients with advanced mTOR-sensitive solid tumors (NCT07369505). In vivo evaluation demonstrated strong antitumor efficacy following intravenous administration (QW × 3), with tumor growth inhibition reaching 97-98% in the U-87MG glioblastoma xenograft model. No evidence of phlebitis was observed with repeated tail vein dosing. In this model, Sapu003 dosed weekly showed superior tumor suppression compared with oral Everolimus. Collectively, screening of a mPEG-block copolymer library identified mPEG-Chol as a lead excipient capable of consistently forming stable Deciparticles™ with sub-20 nm mean particle size. The resulting intravenous Everolimus formulation demonstrated scalable manufacturing, favorable stability, and potent antitumor activity in preclinical models, supporting further clinical evaluation of Sapu003 in advanced solid tumors.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsEverolimusAdministration, IntravenousAnimalsDrug CompoundingFemaleHumansMiceNanoparticlesPolyethylene GlycolsAntineoplastic AgentsEverolimusmonomethoxypolyethylene glycolPolyethylene GlycolsDeciparticle™EverolimusmanufacturingnanoparticleSapu003

Identifiers

PMID42450048
PMCPMC13360678

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.