ArticleBMC public health2026
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, work- and health-related correlates of mental health outcomes: a large-scale cross-sectional web-based study of 1.19 million adult internet users in Poland (2020-2024).
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMental health represents a growing public health challenge, exacerbated by recent global and regional crises. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic, lifestyle, work- and health-related correlates of key mental health outcomes - primarily depression, insomnia, and job burnout - in a large sample of adult internet users in Poland.
methodsWe analyzed pooled cross-sectional data from 1 196 102 adults participating in an annual web-based health survey in Poland between 2020 and 2024. Ordinal and binary logistic regression models (2021-2024 waves; N = 655 427) were used to assess associations between predictors (sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, chronic diseases, stress, social relationships, work characteristics) and self-reported mental health outcomes. Self-rated general health, neurological diseases, memory complaints, and frequent headaches were also assessed as secondary outcomes.
resultsSignificant gender disparities were observed, with women reporting higher odds of depression, insomnia, and job burnout (p < 0.001). Daily stress and infrequent social contact were the strongest correlates, markedly associated with increased odds of all adverse mental health outcomes (p < 0.001). The presence of chronic diseases (particularly arthritis and heart disease) and specific lifestyle factors (e.g., lack of physical activity and unhealthy dietary patterns) were also significantly associated factors. Conversely, regular physical activity and frequent social contact were protective.
conclusionsMental health outcomes among Polish adult internet users are strongly associated with a complex interplay of psychosocial, health, and lifestyle factors. High stress, poor social contact, and chronic illness burden are major correlates of poor mental health. These findings emphasize the need for targeted, broad-based public health interventions promoting stress management and social connection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42449277What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.