Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42446488›Full record

ArticleJournal of nursing management2026

Perceived Managerial Care, Feedback-Seeking Behavior, and Reflective Ability in New Nurses: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Mediation Study.

Yongkang Fu, Dongrun Liu, Zhengyi Ma, Hangna Qiu, Juntong Jing, Chaoran Chen, Enshe Jiang, Xiaoguang Zhang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nursing management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yongkang FuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0004-994X
Dongrun LiuInstitute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9787-2192
Zhengyi MaInstitute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2314-0662
Hangna QiuInstitute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7851-937X
Juntong JingInstitute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5658-1099
Chaoran ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6237-2999
Enshe JiangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-5431
Xiaoguang ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China, henu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6178-2994

Funding

Henan Provincial Health Department Project LHGJ20250527Zhengzhou Social Science Research Project ZSLX20250266
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between perceived managerial care and reflective ability in newly graduated nurses and to investigate the longitudinal mediating role of feedback-seeking behavior, providing a theoretical basis for managerial interventions.

backgroundReflective ability is a critical competence for newly graduated nurses to adapt to complex clinical environments and promote professional development. Managerial care has been shown to influence nurses' learning-related behaviors; however, the longitudinal mechanisms through which perceived managerial care enhances reflective ability remain unclear.

designA three-wave longitudinal survey design was employed, with data collected at three time points (T1, T2, and T3) over 6 months.

methodsNewly graduated nurses from 10 tertiary general hospitals in China were recruited using simple random sampling. Validated scales were used to assess perceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analyses were conducted to examine longitudinal mediation effects.

resultsPerceived managerial care, feedback-seeking behavior, and reflective ability were positively correlated at T1, T2, and T3 (p < 0.01), with mean scores increasing over time. Feedback-seeking behavior played a significant longitudinal mediating role between perceived managerial care and reflective ability, accounting for 44.02% of the total effect. The structural equation model showed acceptable fit indices.

conclusionFeedback-seeking behavior mediates the relationship between perceived managerial care and reflective ability in newly graduated nurses. Strengthening managerial care and encouraging feedback-seeking behaviors may effectively promote reflective ability and support early career development. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The findings suggest that nursing managers may enhance new nurses' reflective ability by fostering supportive managerial environments and encouraging feedback-seeking behavior. Strengthening managerial care and establishing effective feedback mechanisms could facilitate professional development and improve early career adaptation among new nurses.

Indexed as

FeedbackNurse AdministratorsNursesPerceptionAdultChinaCognitive ReflectionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSurveys and Questionnairesfeedback-seeking behaviornewly graduated nursesperceived managerial carereflective ability

Identifiers

PMID42446488
PMCPMC13367320

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.