ArticleCureus2026
Proton Beam Therapy for Testicular Seminoma: Clinical Outcomes and Toxicity From the Proton Collaborative Group Prospective Registry.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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11 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTesticular seminoma predominantly affects young men, and while photon-based radiotherapy achieves excellent disease control, concerns about late effects, including secondary malignancies, have driven interest in proton beam therapy (PBT) as a way to improve dose conformality and spare normal tissue. Prospective clinical data for PBT in seminoma, however, remain scarce.
methodsWe reviewed 19 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed testicular germ cell tumors treated with PBT between 2010 and 2024 from the Proton Collaborative Group (PCG) multi-institutional prospective registry. Primary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local control, and toxicity graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0.
resultsAll 19 patients (19/19, 100%) completed their prescribed radiation course without interruption (median dose 32.8 GyRBE; median 17 fractions). Among 10 patients (10/19, 53%) with evaluable follow-up (median 23.9 months), two-year OS and PFS were both 100% in non-metastatic patients (n=9), with 100% local control (9/9) across the evaluable cohort. One death (1/2 metastatic patients) occurred in a patient with metastatic disease at presentation. Acute toxicities were predominantly grade 1-2 (fatigue, nausea, radiation dermatitis), and all resolved without treatment interruption. No treatment-related grade ≥3 adverse events (0/19) or secondary malignancies were observed. Late toxicities were observed in two of 19 patients (2/19, 11%), with only one late event (grade 1 urinary urgency) attributable to radiation in the non-metastatic cohort. No secondary malignancies were observed during 28.8 person-years of follow-up, comparing favorably to predicted excess rates of two to eight per 100 person-years reported for photon-based approaches.
conclusionsThese results support PBT as a feasible and well-tolerated option for testicular seminoma. A longer follow-up is needed to assess secondary malignancy risk reduction.
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