ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Mechanism of liposome arsenic trioxide regulating tumor microenvironment and sensitizing tumor immune response after radiofrequency ablation.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: We hypothesized that preoperative administration of liposome arsenic trioxide (LATO) would downregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in residual tumors following incomplete radiofrequency ablation (iRFA), thereby modulating the tumor microenvironment, suppressing residual tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, and consequently enhancing the antitumor efficacy of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade. Methods: Using a murine Hepa1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma model subjected to incomplete radiofrequency iRFA, cohorts were stratified based on preoperative LATO administration and postoperative anti-PD-L1 antibody combination therapy, and the indexes such as proliferation and immune infiltration of residual tumor were tested respectively. Results: After iRFA, residual tumors exhibited significant up-regulation of PCNA, CD31, and HIF-1α compared with the control group (all Conclusion: Pre-treatment with LATO prior to RFA appears to modulate the tumor microenvironment, which may contribute to improved ablation efficacy and help restrain the progression of residual tumors. Furthermore, it could potentially enhance the antitumor effect of combining RFA with anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy by sensitizing the tumor immune response.
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