ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Impact of anti-TNF and anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody therapy on periodontal inflammation and gingival crevicular fluid IL-6 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis prevalence is elevated in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Biological therapies targeting cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-12/23 (IL-12/23) are central to IBD management, yet their impact on periodontal health remains unclear. Methods: In a cross-sectional, hypothesis-generating design, 45 patients with IBD were examined and stratified into three groups according to their biological therapy: anti-TNF therapy (n = 15), anti-IL-12/23 therapy (n = 15), and a control group not receiving these biologics (n = 15). Periodontal status was assessed using the Periodontal Screening Index (PSI; codes 0-4) across all sextants as a standardized screening measure. Medical history, oral hygiene behavior, and prior periodontal diagnoses were documented. To assess local immune activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Overall, 16 patients exhibited either known or previously undiagnosed periodontitis, with interindividual variability in severity. Patients receiving anti-IL-12/23 therapy exhibited lower mean and maximal PSI scores compared with anti-TNF-treated patients, and no sextants with advanced periodontal inflammation (PSI 3-4) were detected in this group. In contrast, active or latent periodontitis was observed in both the anti-TNF and control cohorts. Concordantly, IL-6 levels in GCF were significantly reduced in patients undergoing IL-12/23 blockade compared with controls, indicating attenuated local inflammatory signaling at the periodontal interface. These findings were observed despite no statistically significant differences in clinical or endoscopic disease activity between groups. Conclusions: These exploratory findings suggest that systemic inhibition of the IL-12/23 axis in IBD is associated with reduced periodontal inflammatory burden and decreased local IL-6 activity, supporting a role for IL-23-dependent immune pathways in linking intestinal and oral mucosal inflammation. While causality cannot be inferred from this cross-sectional study, the data provide a mechanistic rationale for further longitudinal investigations into the impact of cytokine-targeted biologic therapy on the oral-gut immune axis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.