ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2026
Balloon-expandable trilayer nitrided iron/Zn/poly-D,L-lactic acid metallic tracheal stent: structural characterization, mechanical performance, and short-term safety evaluation in rabbits.
Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Pediatric airway stenosis and tracheomalacia may require airway stenting to maintain patency. However, conventional metallic or silicone airway stents are associated with frequent complications such as granulation, mucus plugging, and migration. Although bioresorbable polymer stents reduce long-term indwelling, degradation fragments may still pose a risk of airway obstruction. Therefore, a tracheal stent designed to provide reliable early mechanical support, favorable tissue compatibility, and potential long-term bioresorption remains needed. This study aims to develop and evaluate a biodegradable tracheal stent with improved mechanical performance and biocompatibility. Methods: A balloon-expandable trilayer tracheal stent was fabricated with a load-bearing nitrided iron (Fe-N) framework, a zinc (Zn) buffering layer, and an outer poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) coating. The layered structure and composition were verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Radial compression testing was performed and compared with a pure iron stent of the same geometry. Stent extracts were prepared to evaluate Results: Characterization confirmed successful construction of the designed trilayer structure. Radial compression testing showed that the Fe-N stent provided higher radial support than the pure iron stent with the same geometry. Conclusions: The balloon-expandable trilayer Fe-N/Zn/PDLLA metallic tracheal stent demonstrated feasible delivery and deployment in rabbits, provided the mechanical basis required for airway support, and showed favorable
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