ArticleFrontiers in chemistry2026
Brain-targeting lipid nanoparticles of nicotinamide mononucleotide: preparation, optimization, and characterization.
Article in Frontiers in chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial function-enhancing properties, which demonstrate its significant neuroprotective potential. However, its high water solubility presents challenges with regard to blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, prompting extensive research interest. This study used a composite emulsification method combined with response surface methodology to optimize the formulation and preparation process, resulting in the design of lactoferrin (Lf)-modified lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)-NMN-LNPs-Lf. LNPs prepared under optimal conditions exhibited spherical morphology with an average particle size of approximately 147 nm, achieving a drug loading capacity of 5.02%, and a Lf modification rate of 41.8%. Using the mouse brain endothelial cell line 3 (bEnd.3) experimental results demonstrated that NMN-LNPs-Lf significantly enhanced NMN's BBB permeability without inducing notable cytotoxicity, achieving a BBB permeability rate of 62%. This permeability was markedly higher than that of conventional unmodified NMN-LNPs and NMN active pharmaceutical ingredients (
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