Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42444405›Full record

ArticlePlant, cell & environment2026

Novel Amino Acid Changes Increase Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Output in planta.

Jinrui Sheng, Kevin Frausto, Sarah Haesaerts, Taylor J Meyer, Maruša Prolič-Kalinšek, Seán E O'Leary, Remy Loris, Paul B Larsen

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Plant, cell & environment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jinrui ShengDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.
Kevin FraustoDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.
Sarah HaesaertsStructural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
Taylor J MeyerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.
Maruša Prolič-KalinšekStructural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
Seán E O'LearyDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.
Remy LorisStructural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8862-3338
Paul B LarsenDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.

Funding

Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture 2021-67014-34888
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Characterization of previously reported Arabidopsis mutants with increased aluminum (Al) resistance (alr) resulting from greater release of Al-chelating malate identified three unique amino acid substitutions that each impacts PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE 1, a key anaplerotic carbon fixation enzyme. Expression of mutant versions of AtPPC1 in an Arabidopsis ppc1 loss-of-function mutant increased Al resistance in association with upwards of threefold higher release of Al-chelating malate from roots. Analyses of enzyme kinetics and protein structure of the variants revealed that each amino acid position is critical to proper interplay between the allosteric regulator malate and the active site. Since these affect amino acid positions generally conserved amongst plant PPCs, they were individually introduced into maize PPCs including ZmPPC1, the isozyme responsible for the first step of C4 photosynthesis, and ZmPEP7, a key PPC in resupply of the TCA cycle via anaplerosis. This resulted in similar or greater improvements in enzyme activity and reduced regulation in vitro for both ZmPPC1 and ZmPEP7 along with increased PPC-dependent output in planta for a ZmPEP7 transgenic. Therefore, engineering these amino acid changes into plants in general could be useful for increasing carbon fixation by PPCs to turn excess CO

Indexed as

Amino AcidsArabidopsisPhosphoenolpyruvate CarboxylaseZea maysAluminumAmino Acid SubstitutionArabidopsis ProteinsMalatesMutationPhotosynthesisPlant RootsPlants, Genetically ModifiedAluminumAmino AcidsArabidopsis Proteinsmalic acidPhosphoenolpyruvate CarboxylasealuminumanaplerosisC4 photosynthesiscarbon fixationmalatePhosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

Identifiers

PMID42444405
PMCPMC13646687

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.