Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42444328›Full record

ArticleJournal of adolescence2026

Adolescents' Experiences of Social Media Content Types and Wellbeing: A Photo-Elicitation Interview Study.

Lizzy Winstone, James Parsonage, Cassey Muir, Amie Randhawa, Lauren Cross, Georgie MacArthur, Evangelina Asiedu-Addo, Emma Garavini

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of adolescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lizzy WinstonePopulation Health Sciences, Canynge Hall, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-6087
James ParsonagePopulation Health Sciences, Canynge Hall, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1219-8358
Cassey MuirPopulation Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4137-1345
Amie RandhawaSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Lauren CrossMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9144-5317
Georgie MacArthurPopulation Health Sciences, Canynge Hall, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2047-6519
Evangelina Asiedu-AddoThe McPin Foundation Young People's Network, The McPin Foundation, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0262-6088
Emma GaraviniThe McPin Foundation Young People's Network, The McPin Foundation, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-3838

Funding

School for Public Health Research Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdolescents' experiences of social media are increasingly shaped by algorithmic recommendation systems that structure repeated exposure to diverse content types. However, research has focused predominantly on screen time, with limited attention to the diverse types of content encountered within curated feeds or how these experiences intersect with developmental processes such as identity formation, social evaluation, and emotional regulation.

methodsSemi-structured photo-elicitation interviews were conducted in 2025 with 27 adolescents aged 14-19 years in the United Kingdom (mean age = 17.15 years, SD = 1.49; 70% self-described female). Participants shared screenshots from their TikTok For You or Instagram Explore pages to support discussion of algorithmically recommended content. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

resultsSeven content types were identified: entertainment, consumerism, identity-related, mental health, news and activism, body image, and AI-generated content. All were experienced as double-edged, with perceived benefits and risks shaped by repeated algorithmic exposure, developmental stage, emotional state, and individual context. Participants frequently reflected retrospectively on earlier social media experiences, identifying younger adolescence as a period of particular vulnerability. Perceived impacts were closely connected to developmental processes including identity formation, social evaluation, and emotional regulation, with younger adolescents perceived as less equipped to critically evaluate content or manage algorithmic exposure.

conclusionsAdolescents' wellbeing in relation to social media appears shaped by the types of content repeatedly encountered and the developmental context in which exposure occurs. Research, education, and platform design should address the quality, recurrence, and emotional consequences of algorithmically curated content exposure across adolescence.

Indexed as

Social MediaAdolescentBody ImageDigital MediaFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMedia ExposureMental HealthPhotographyPsychological Well-BeingUnited KingdomYoung Adultadolescentsalgorithmic recommendationmental healthphoto‐elicitationqualitative researchsocial media contentwellbeing

Identifiers

PMID42444328
PMCPMC13643666

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.