Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42443898›Full record

Trial reportBMC medical education2026

Application of multi-sensory virtual reality in health education of prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Hao Fang, Sa Cheng, Seng Yue Wong, Kenny S L Cheah

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hao FangInstitute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1368-4105
Sa ChengSchool of Journalism and Communication, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-8897-5659
Seng Yue WongAcademy of Malay Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. wongsengyue@um.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-4348
Kenny S L CheahFaculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. kennycheah@um.edu.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-582X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVirtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as an innovative teaching and training tool across numerous educational domains, yet its potential impact in community health education, particularly for culturally sensitive topics like prostate cancer (PCa), remains insufficiently explored.

methodsThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multi‑sensory, learning-based VR health education tool (M‑PCP) on PCa knowledge, cognitive load and satisfaction among men in the community. A parallel-group two‑arm randomized controlled trial was carried out in a community center in Shandong Province, China. Ninety-six male subjects aged 45-75 years were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group (VR‑based M‑PCP (48)) and the control group (traditional multimedia lecture (48)). Results included PCa knowledge (pre-test/post-test), cognitive load (mental load and mental effort), and satisfaction with the learning experience.

resultsThe VR-based method showed that the health knowledge of the learners was significantly increased (mean 22.34 vs. 18.76, p = .003, η

conclusionsThe findings indicate that VR technology can enhance the learning outcomes in the short term community health education around PCa awareness. Long-term retention, behavioral change and scalability into various settings should be explored in future research.

Indexed as

Health EducationProstatic NeoplasmsVirtual RealityAgedChinaHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedCommunity health educationMulti-sensory educationProstate cancerVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID42443898
PMCPMC13647826

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.