Synergistic reproductive toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam via oxidative stress and blood-testis barrier dysfunction in rats.

Fatma M El-Demerdash, Nahla M Baraghit, Raghda A El-Sayed, Hoda H Baghdadi

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Fatma M El-DemerdashDepartment of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt. eldemerdashf@alexu.edu.eg.ORCID 0000-0001-5624-9145

Nahla M BaraghitDepartment of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.

Raghda A El-SayedDepartment of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.

Hoda H BaghdadiDepartment of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Excessive pesticide use regularly pollutes the environment and endangers both human and animal health. The current study aimed to examine the main mechanism by which the combined action of pyrethroids, such as lambda-cyhalothrin (LC), and neonicotinoids, such as thiamethoxam, induced testicular toxicity and oxidative stress. Four groups of adult male rats were formed: control, Lambda-cyhalothrin (LC; 8 mg/kg B.W.), Thiamethoxam (TMX; 156 mg/kg B.W.), and LC + TMX groups. For 21 days, the rats received their doses orally. Results showed that LC and/or TMX caused significant alterations in body weight, gonadosomatic index, sperm quality, hormones, lipid peroxidation, DNA toxicity, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Furthermore, testicular tissue showed biochemical, genes expression (steroid-forming acute regulatory protein (StAR), Cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17a), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Claudin-11, Occludin and ZO-1), and ultrastructural abnormalities. In conclusion, rats given both LC plus TMX had strong adverse effects, suggesting oxidative stress and reproductive toxicity.

Indexed as

Blood-Testis BarrierInsecticidesNitrilesOxidative StressPyrethrinsReproductionThiamethoxamAnimalsDrug SynergismLipid PeroxidationMaleRatsTestiscyhalothrinInsecticidesNitrilesPyrethrinsThiamethoxamBTB-related genesLambda-cyhalothrinOxidative stressSteroidogenic and antioxidant genesThiamethoxamUltrastructural examination

Identifiers

PMID42443239

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-59239-7

PMCPMC13365193

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.