ArticleNature communications2026
Southern Ocean regime shift: divergent trends in surface phytoplankton community composition using a diagnostic pigment framework.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Phytoplankton communities in the Southern Ocean (SO) play a central role in regulating global climate and ecosystems through the biological carbon pump (BCP), which is influenced by ocean warming and sea-ice variability. Here, we combine an expanded circumpolar surface pigment dataset with satellite ocean-colour observations to develop a SO-diagnostic pigment framework that resolves phytoplankton community composition for austral spring and summer between 1998 and 2024. We compare multi-year mean composition for 1998-2014 and 2015-2024 periods separated by a ~ 7% step decrease in September sea-ice extent. Between these two periods, the mean diatom contribution to total chlorophyll increased by up to ~ 10% during spring in sea-ice-influenced regions but decreased by up to ~ 3% over the Antarctic shelf during summer. These findings suggest a seasonally and spatially variable reorganisation of phytoplankton community composition that may alter bloom dynamics, carbon-export efficiency, and the functioning of the SO BCP under continued climate-driven sea-ice variability.
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