ReviewCureus2026
A Competency-Based Dental Education Framework for Postgraduate Orthodontic Training: A Comprehensive Review for Effective Curriculum Utilization.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to the shift in focus on outcomes, instead of time-bound training, competency-based models have become widely accepted in health professions education. In the context of orthodontic diagnostic procedures and biomechanical challenges, specialty-specific skills such as designing and treatment planning are critical for health practitioners. The latest literature has recognized the core competencies pertinent to postgraduate orthodontic training in the field, yet there continues to be notable variability in program quality, clinical knowledge, and competency tests between training programs. The objective of this review is to design an integrated competency-based dental education (CBDE) model for postgraduate orthodontic training that encompasses the management of students' competencies by correlating competency domains with specific program outcomes (POs) and course outcomes (COs), introducing entrustable professional activities (EPAs) to translate competencies into clinical practice, aligning assessment strategies, and utilizing systematic curriculum mapping to ensure coherence and comprehensive competency attainment. To synthesize the evidence surrounding competency-based dental education (CBDE) and competency frameworks in postgraduate orthodontic training, a narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on CBDE, postgraduate orthodontic education, competency domains, curriculum design, assessment strategies, and EPAs. Relevant references were determined from the orthodontic education consensus studies, CBDE literature, and systematic reviews. In total, 10 orthodontic competency areas, 10 POs, and 11 COs were identified methodically. Ten essential EPAs associated with independent orthodontic practice were then created to operationalize these competencies in clinical practice settings. With this in mind, a three-year curriculum was designed, rooted in elements that aligned with CBDE principles to include competency mapping, assessment techniques, and introducing digital technologies to support teaching, learning, and assessment. This proposed framework provides a clear, distinct, and structured solution to training orthodontic specialties, which would enable it to be embraced as a reference structure for the reform in curriculum on an international level as well. Recent evidence supports the call for standardized orthodontic competencies and a competency-based method of assessment to promote uniformity and quality of postgraduate orthodontic education.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.