ArticleOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland)2026
Analysis of the relationship between serum LAMC2, TROAP and clinical stages and prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Article in Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the relationship between serum LAMC2 and TROAP levels and clinical stage and prognosis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. Methods: Serum LAMC2 and TROAP levels were measured in 102 NMIBC patients and 104 healthy controls. NMIBC patients were followed up and grouped by survival status. Correlations, prognostic factors, and diagnostic value were analyzed. Results: The serum levels of LAMC2 and TROAP in the research group were higher than those in the control group, and the two were positively correlated (r=0.303, p=0.002). The proportion of patients with high serum expression of LAMC2 and TROAP in stages III-IV was higher than that in patients with low expression (p<0.05). The 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of LAMC2 and TROAP was lower than that of patients with low expression of both (p<0.05). Elevated levels of serum LAMC2 and TROAP, as well as TNM stages III-IV, were risk factors for mortality in NMIBC patients (p<0.05). The combined diagnosis of serum LAMC2 and TROAP showed better AUC than single diagnosis (Z=2.234, 2.864, p<0.05). Conclusions: Elevated serum LAMC2 and TROAP are linked to advanced stage and poor prognosis in NMIBC. Their combination improves prognostic diagnostic value.
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